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Analytics
Analytics is defined by Wikipedia as "the science of analysis." In other words, it's basically how one arrives at the best decision from a variety of options based on statistical data. This may sound confusing as to how this relates to web design, but let me explain.
If you are wanting a website that markets a particular product, it would be great if you could find out where people are clicking on your site so that you know how to best market your product on your site. Some of the analytical data that is available for your website will enable you to see some great things about your website, like who's visiting your site, where they live, how they arrived at your site, what browser and operating system they're using, how much time they spent on your website, and much more. Analytics for your website will also tell you what links are being clicked on your site and how often. For website owners, it just makes sense to integrate your website into an analytics program so that you can better target your audience.
